读《金融时报》学英文写作：定语从句进阶——「数量词 + of whom/which」家族
你的”其中一些”写得太碎
批改作文时常见这种写法：
I have many books. Some of them are signed by the authors.
两个短句，信息平铺，读起来像流水账。学生知道定语从句能加分，但一写就是 which 开头那一种，遇到”其中一些、大部分、全部”就卡住。
其实英语里有一整族专门表达”部分/数量”的定语从句结构：
数量词 + of whom / which
今天用《金融时报》一篇谈”和旧书断舍离”的散文，把这一族结构讲透。
FT原文（示范素材）
I have also struggled to say goodbye to many books I have by people I know or have met, some of which are signed. It seems brutal to get rid of these.
我也很难和很多我认识的人、或见过面的人所写的书说再见，其中一些书是签名版的。丢掉它们似乎很残忍。
三个「数量词 + of whom/which」技巧
技巧一：some of which —— 指物用 which
结构公式： [群体名词], [数量词] of which + 谓语
原文 many books ... some of which are signed：先给出整体（many books），再用 some of which 补充其中一部分的特征，两句话并成一句。
❌ 学生初版
I have read many books. Some of them are worth reading twice.
✅ 升级版
I have read many books, some of which are worth reading twice.
💡 效果
some of them 要另起一句，some of which 直接并入主句，信息密度立刻不同——这正是定语从句”把细节挂在名词后面”的经典用法。
技巧二：many of whom —— 指人用 whom
结构公式： [群体名词], [数量词] of whom + 谓语
of which 指物，of whom 指人。写人物群体时：
❌ 学生初版
Many students took the exam. Most of them passed.
✅ 升级版
Hundreds of students took the exam, most of whom passed.
💡 效果
whom 专指人，which 专指物，二者不可混用。考试时写出 most of whom passed，语法多样性加分立刻到手。
技巧三：整个数量词家族都能用
结构公式： all / most / some / several / none / two of + whom / which + 谓语
不只是 some 和 many，整个数量词家族都能套进这个结构：
all of which（全部）most of which（大部分）several of whom（其中几位）none of whom（没有一个）two of which（其中两个）
❌ 学生初版
There are three reasons. Two of them are important.
✅ 升级版
There are three reasons, two of which are important.
💡 效果
这个结构在雅思 Task 1 图表作文里几乎是万能句式——描述占比、数量、人群时，[数字/比例] of whom/which 一用，数据描述立刻专业。
写作建议
- 先分人/物：指人用 whom，指物用 which，先判断再下笔。
- 两句话并一句：凡是”整体 + 其中一部分”的表述，都值得尝试
[整体], [数量词] of whom/which + 谓语。 - 图表作文直接套：
the survey covered 500 students, most of whom ...——比most of them高一个档次。 - 写完自查：数一数作文里的 which——如果全是 which 开头，说明你还没用上这个家族。
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