读《金融时报》学英文写作：句型模仿——要求与条件：3个把规定写清楚的考场句型
学生痛点：规定写不出”层次”
中高考和雅思里经常出现”规定类”题目：学校要禁止带手机、图书馆要办证、健身房要预约……学生一写就变成：
- ❌ “Students must not use phones in class.”
- ❌ “The school will make a rule.”
问题在哪？只有规定，没有依据、没有对象、没有例外。而《金融时报》记者在报道一项新规时，会同时交代三件事：要求是什么、为什么、对谁适用。今天我们就学这三个句型。
FT原文（示范素材）
International air passengers trying to enter the US will be required to present a recent negative Covid-19 test, as the country grows increasingly worried about the circulation of new more transmissible variants of the virus.
Airlines will have to deny boarding to visitors who do not have a negative test result from the previous three days — or documentation that proves they have recovered from the disease.
“Testing does not eliminate all risk but when combined with a period of staying at home and everyday precautions like wearing masks and social distancing, it can make travel safer, healthier, and more responsible.”
中文对照
试图入境美国的国际航班乘客将被要求出示最近的新冠病毒阴性检测结果，因为美国对新的更具传染性的病毒变种传播越来越担忧。
航空公司将不得不拒绝没有过去三天内阴性检测结果——或没有能够证明他们已经康复的文件——的乘客登机。
“检测并不能消除所有风险，但如果与一段居家时间以及戴口罩、保持社交距离等日常预防措施相结合，它能让旅行更安全、更健康、更负责任。“
句型一：被动要求 + as原因（will be required to）
结构公式
[对象] will be required to [动作], as [原因从句]为什么好
学生写规定只会 “must not / should”——命令感强但很生硬。这个句型用 will be required to（将被要求）既正式又客观，后面接 as + 原因从句，把”为什么要有这条规定”一并交代。规定有了依据，就不再是”拍脑袋”。
❌ 学生初版
“Students can’t use phones in class because phones are bad.”
✅ 升级版
“Students trying to focus in class will be required to hand in their phones at the door, as the school grows increasingly concerned about the impact of notifications on learning.”
💡 效果
will be required to 比 can’t 高级得多；as 从句里的 increasingly concerned 把”为什么”写成了有过程的担忧，而不是一句空洞的 “phones are bad”。
模板 + 例句
- 模板：[对象] will be required to [动作], as [原因].
- 例句（图书馆主题）：Visitors trying to enter the reading room will be required to show a valid library card, as the library grows increasingly concerned about the safety of its rare collections.
句型二：强制义务 + who限定（will have to deny…who…）
结构公式
[执行者] will have to [动作] to [对象 who 不满足条件] — or [替代证明]为什么好
规定总有”不配合的人”。学生只会写 “If they don’t, they can’t get in”。这个句型把执行者（airlines）、动作（deny boarding）、对象（visitors who do not have…）放进一个句子，还用破折号补充替代方案（— or documentation…）。一个句子讲清楚”谁管、管谁、怎么管、有没有例外”。
❌ 学生初版
“Students who don’t have the card can’t come in. Maybe they can show other proof.”
✅ 升级版
“Librarians will have to deny entry to visitors who do not have a valid card from the previous semester — or a receipt that proves they have paid the membership fee.”
💡 效果
will have to deny entry to 把”管理动作”写得明确；who 定语从句圈定适用对象；破折号后的 or 给出例外，规定显得既严格又有人情味。
模板 + 例句
- 模板：[执行者] will have to [动作] to [对象 who 条件] — or [替代方案].
- 例句（考试主题）：Invigilators will have to confiscate the devices of candidates who do not switch off their phones before the exam — or documentation that proves the device is medically necessary.
句型三：让步 + 条件（does not eliminate…but when combined with…）
结构公式
[A] does not eliminate all [风险] but when combined with [B], it can make [结果1], [结果2], and [结果3]为什么好
学生写建议只会 “It is good because…”，全篇都是肯定句，没有说服力。这个句型先承认局限（does not eliminate all risk），再给出条件（but when combined with…），最后用三连排比（safer, healthier, and more responsible）收尾——客观、严谨、有节奏。这是雅思Task 2高分段的典型句式。
❌ 学生初版
“Testing is very useful. It can make travel safe.”
✅ 升级版
“Testing does not eliminate all risk but when combined with a period of staying at home and everyday precautions like wearing masks and social distancing, it can make travel safer, healthier, and more responsible.”
💡 效果
先退一步承认”不能消除所有风险”，读者立刻觉得作者理性；but when combined with 给出解决方案；三个并列形容词层层递进，节奏感强。学生版又空又平。
模板 + 例句
- 模板：[A] does not eliminate all [风险] but when combined with [B], it can make [结果1], [结果2], and [结果3].
- 例句（学习主题）：Memorising vocabulary lists does not eliminate all forgetting but when combined with regular reading and spaced review, it can make learning more efficient, more durable, and more enjoyable.
针对性练习建议
- 规定三问法：写任何”规定类”段落，先问三件事——要求是什么（句型一）、对谁适用/不配合怎么办（句型二）、有什么局限和补充（句型三）。三句连起来就是一段完整的规定说明。
- 改写自己的旧作文：翻出以前写的 “must not / should” 句子，用今天三个句型逐个升级，感受信息密度的变化。
- 三连排比练习：句型三的末尾是 “safer, healthier, and more responsible” 式的三连结构。每天练习用三个形容词收尾一个句子，考试时自然写得出节奏。
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